and A.D. 300) that explained the transition to the non eating of cows in a famous myth: Once, when there was a great famine, King Prithu took up his bow and arrow and pursued the Earth to force her to yield nourishment for his people. In light of Indias recent surge in cow vigilantism, we examine the states where cow slaughter is either permitted or prohibited. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Being from a vegetarian home, the topic of meat-eating was rarely mentioned; yet, numerous families I knew avoided eating meat at particular restaurants and hotels because one could never be certain what meat was offered. Gandhis attitude to cows was tied to his idea of nonviolence. According to Perumpanooru, Tamils of the Sangam period preferred beef dishes. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. I will keep this in mind. goats are offered to the Hindu goddess Kali a lot. Go to a Krishna Temple on a rainy night, at the stroke of midnight and offer, wild water buffalo milk that you yourself, have collected. It is considered to be the oldest living religion in the world. Pretty good insight, and made me feel better. Some Hindu shastras offer two-fold argument against meat-eating. This has been going on since Hindutva began in 1923 . In Bhagavad Gita (17.8-10), Lord Krishna says, "Different types of food have different influence on the behaviour and body of a Man. Meat was described as one of the most fundamental parts of bhogathe kings enjoyment of the luxury of his court in the historical work Manasollasa of Chalukya king Someshvara III (11271138 CE). Lower-caste Hindus are also being attacked. Sacred Marvels: 17 Cathedrals That Will Take Your Breath Away, In Pictures, In Search of the Fabled 1,000-ft White Pyramid of Xian in China, Egyptologists Reveal a Lost Chamber in the Great Pyramid With Cosmic Rays, Library in Stone: The Ica Stones of Professor Cabrera Part I, Two Sides to Every Story: The North American Martyrs Shrines and Indigenous/ Roman Catholic Relations, The Origins of the Faeries: Encoded in our Cultures Part I, Curse of the Buried Pearl: The Hunt for Ancient Treasures Part I, The Enigma of the Shugborough Inscription, destroying the Muslim-dominated buffalo meat industry, Not for the Faint of Heart: The Aghori and Their Unorthodox Path to Enlightenment, Ancient tablet depicting lewd scene becomes object of veneration in India, Ritual and Burial: The Strange and Elaborate Ways Humans Prepared Animals for the Afterlife, In the time of the oldest Hindu sacred text, failure to attract large-scale Muslim support, The Past Teaching the Present: Ancient Sanskrit Texts Discuss the Importance of Environmental and Species Conservation. North India had a lot of Islamic influence, and with cooler climate and with a constant threat of war, more people became non-vegetarian. That explanation alone could be enough for some to turn and run toward the hills of grain. There is debate over whether ancient Hindus in the Indus River Valley refused to eat beef. : https://www.reddit.com/r/hinduism/wiki/resources/schools, Press J to jump to the feed. Mr. Madhwaraj said that the Mahabharata was written by Maharshi Veda Vyasa, the son of Satyavati, a fisherwoman. The survey also finds that most Hindus say a person cannot be Hindu if they eat beef, and most Muslims say a person cannot be Muslim if they eat pork (see Chapter 5 ). Hindus who eat meat, often distinguish all other meat from beef. 10 years in prison and/or a fine of Rs 10,000. The main issue with eating beef is its influence on the human soul, as well as whether or not it is considered sinful. The Earth assumed the form of a cow and begged him to spare her life; she then allowed him to milk her for all that the people needed.. The Indian Constitution gives every Indian the freedom of choice in food. The lower castes, Dalits (formerly known as untouchables). Sikhs are not allowed to eat meat because of the principle of keeping the body pure. in short, religionists are the opposite of enlightenment; at LEAST 90% are lying hypocrites, and i know this atheist is 'more xtian' than 90% of the self-proclaimed xtians who think their assumed moral superiority gives them the right to -literally- lord it over everyone else (This is fantastic news for beef lovers!). . As these and so many other recent attacks demonstrate, cows innocent, docile animals have become in India a lightning rod for human cruelty, in the name of religion. The following are some of the reasons why most Hindus prefer not to eat beef: 1. There has been several such instance of goons hurting people over eating beef. Copyright 2023. The violence which transgression of a certain food code has evoked, has laid bare the continued need for the Hindu upper caste India to maintain its hegemony at all costs. It's what is called emotional pain waves." These provocative remarks come at a time when vigilante Hindu groups in India are lynching people for eating beef. If a cow is old or unhealthy, it can be slaughtered in Karnataka. There are more vegetarians in South India & Gujarat. But he did not call for a beef ban. What do Hindu Scriptures Actually say About Beef Consumption. The Mughal emperor Humayun stopped eating beef after the killing of cows in a Hindu territory by his soldiers led to clashes, according to the Tezkerah al-Vakiat. Such killings have increased since Narendra Modi and his right-wing Bharatiya Janata party came to power in September 2014. For those who hold the cow in high respect, it is a sensitive subject. In these two states, a person convicted of cow slaughter faces a maximum sentence of ten years in jail. The plaintiffs produced a copy of the defendants menu to the trial court in opposition to the defendants request to dismiss, which listed vegetarian and non-vegetarian appetizers separately; there was a listing for vegetarian samosas but not for meat samosas. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Most of the food that is offered to Hindu deities is vegetarian. When the defendant realized there had been a mix-up, he made up an order of vegetarian samosas and brought it to the plaintiffs, who took it without payment. Sociologist M. N. Srinivas pointed out that the lower castes gave up beef when they wanted to move up the social ladder through the process known as Sanskritization.. As these and so many other recent attacks demonstrate, cows innocent, docile animals have become in India a lightning rod for human cruelty, in the name of religion. This was, for example, one of the primary triggers for the First War of Independence in 1857 in which use (or rumour of use) of cartridges greased with cow and pig fat sparked a revolt among . You going to hell bro :( Seriously, it looks like you had this meal outside India. Is buffalo meat called mutton? In Hinduism, vegetarianism is a very important aspect. The plaintiffs stated their injuries and damages in their case as follows: Hindu vegetarians believe that eating meat involves them in the wicked cycle of inflicting suffering, injury, and death on Gods creations, and that this has an impact on their karma and dharma, or soul purity. Mr. Madhwaraj said caste had not been a barrier for individuals achieving new heights after inaugurating the Maharshi Valmiki Jayanti celebrations. In August 1947, he wrote in Harijan: A substantial number of local Hindus have begun to believe in the superstition that the Union belongs to Hindus and that, as a result, they should use the state to enforce their beliefs even against non-Hindus. As a result, a wave of passion is sweeping the country in the hopes of securing laws forbidding the killing of cows within the Union. Chaurasi Devataon-wali Gai , or "The Cow with 84 deities" by Raja Ravi Varma. Most Hindu people in India would even strongly reject the idea of the consumption of the meat of the buffalo. However, there is a catch. Brahmins and Beef . One can import beef in sealed containers, to be served to foreigners. In September 2015, a 50-year-old Muslim man, Mohammad Akhlaq, was lynched by a mob in a village near New Delhi on suspicion that he had consumed beef . For breaking news and live news updates, like us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter and Instagram. (John Hill/ CC BY SA 3.0 ), Top Image: Sticker showing baby Krishna stealing milk from a cow. His insistence on cow protection was a major factor in his failure to attract large-scale Muslim support . Do you practice Hinduism and adhere to certain dietary regulations concerning the consumption of beef? All Rights Reserved. Many remember the rush to get to the head of the line for milk at morning recess in elementary school and TV ads showing healthy kids running around the Ninsun is a female figure found in Sumerian mythology. In Hinduism there are no commandments. The Punjab Government Gazette was published on the 27th of June, 1956, after the Presidents assent. In certain parts of Hindu society, the taboo against eating beef is so strong that eating cow flesh could result in family members disowning you if they found out. Contrary to many of the answers given, not all Hindus are vegetarian. On the other hand, and interestingly, according to India Opines online literary platform, Manusmriti scriptures show another spiritual perspective for eating meat. 2.21) condemns the consumption of beef from cows and oxen as a sin. Published Date: August 24, 2016 3:03 AM IST. Live and let live. Killing cows is forbidden in Hinduism and has even historically sparked riots in India. But, as local analysis shows, the violence has greatly increased under the Modi government. The slaughter of cow and its offspring is not allowed in Punjab. There is a caveat that needs to be understood. The prohibition against beef has been so deeply ingrained that it has become one of the few dogmas that is virtually unquestioned. Santana Dharma (Devanagari: meaning "eternal dharma") is the original name of Hinduism. A large section of Indians consume beef. . Valmiki, who came from the lowest caste in India, wrote the Ramayana, according to the Minister. Symptoms including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps and indigestion could be caused by anything from food poisoning to a new allergy or food . In pre-Buddhist India, beef was a staple diet for all Indians, including Brahmans. Norimitsu Odachi: Who Could Have Possibly Wielded This Enormous 15th Century Japanese Sword? When I think of the Aryans of the ancient times, I think of Central Asia, the steppe, a horse culture that could enable their language, Sanskrit to spread, at a gallop, so to speak, westward and Is drinking cows milk healthy for humans? Belief in malevolent spirits inhabiting the human body has persisted across cultures for millennia. It does not store any personal data. One of the implicit objects of this movement was the oppression of Muslims . What happens if a Hindu eats beef? Beef contains 21% protein, compared to less than 10% protein on a vegetable-based diet. Slaughter of cows and calves is prohibited in Bihar; slaughter of bulls and bullocks older than 15 years is permitted. Non-vegetarian food used to be a part of their diet when they were young. Very much like the lyrics of the famous She may be ancient Egypts most famous face, but the quest to find the eternal resting place of Queen Nefertiti has never been hotter. The Minister was perplexed as to how some classes and tribes could claim exclusive rights to God worship. These Hindu communities have traditionally eaten beef and do not consider the cow to be a sacred animal. Everything is permitted (halal), except what God specifically prohibited (haram). A Hindu Sena leader filed a complaint alleging that beef was featured on the canteens menu, and the police responded. Modis government has also prohibited the slaughter of buffalo, thus destroying the Muslim-dominated buffalo meat industry and causing widespread economic hardship. Shivas love for meat is underscored by the fact that Jarasandha keeps kings as captives and then kills them and offers their flesh to Shiva. Sociologist M. N. Srinivas pointed out that the lower castes gave up beef when they wanted to move up the social ladder through the process known as Sanskritization.. Transport and export to other states for slaughter are likewise prohibited; the same penalties apply: seven years in prison and a fine of up to Rs 50,000. The cow is revered and worshipped, and the cow is necessary in a number of rites. This was only the latest instance in which the issue of cattle slaughter has made headlines. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, about Thirsty Brits Turned to Drinking Cows Milk 7,000 Years Ago, about Hathor: Goddess of Joy and Motherhood Near the Nile, about Ancient Mongolian Teeth Demand New Research Into the Mysterious Origins of Lactose Intolerance in Humans, about Horses, Cows and Celestial Creatures at the Dawn of Civilizations, about Should Adults Really Be Drinking Milk? Killing cows or transporting beef in states such as Haryana, Jharkand or Jammu and Kashmir is punishable by large fines and up to 10 years' prison. However, many Muslims have no idea of what they are allowed to eat. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. ( Public Domain ) A central tenet of Gandhis teaching was vegetarianism. The Hindu religion does not excuse accidental consumption of meat products. Being vegetarian, they also avoid Karma and/or reincarnation as a lower creature than human beings. Along the border with Pakistan, the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Punjab all have high numbers of vegetarians. Is Krishna black? Haha, don't worry about it. What should Hindu parents do if they discover their child has unknowingly eaten beef? Even before the countrys independence, certain MPs and proponents of cow protection wanted to enact a law prohibiting the killing of cows. But is this true? Hinduism is often called a "way of life", and anyone sincerely following that way of life can consider themselves to be a Hindu. Lamb, beef, goat and chicken can be eaten if a Muslim offers a prayer. are ultimately nasty, controlling, authoritarian creepazoids who want to completely dominate your neighbors life because of YOUR IDIOTIC beliefs based on nothing but the ravings of some control freak, con man who scared stupid sheeple into believing his madeup Sky Daddy story The ancient Greeks were no different. He emphasized that the mother and son would have been socially shunned in todays society. It was the Sanskrit epic, the Mahabharata (composed between 300 B.C. During the Middle Ages, exorcisms were commonplace to rid individuals of supposed demonic possession. Join our Whatsapp Broadcast Group by sending a Whatsapp message to: +447459531967 or click this lin. And indeed, in 2002, in a north Indian town, five lower-caste Hindus were lynched for skinning a cow. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. He stated that he was making the statement consciously in light of the recent national debate on eating patterns. Fish and eggs can be eaten. The envisioned revelation, the feared end of the world that will herald an age of purification through horrific and chaotic means Every culture has an explanation about how we got here. First, the court decided that the plaintiffs had presented enough evidence to show that the defendant gave a warranty that the samosas it delivered were vegetarian. However, Seventh-day Adventists consider pork . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Studying Neolithic Ancestors Suggests Not, The Nurturing Goddess Ninsun: Worshipped by Ancient Mesopotamians and the Mother of Gilgamesh. Don't force your beliefs on anyone else - it is that simple. Include These Spices In Your Diet Today | Watch Video. Of this list only cows are. The survey also found that 77% . Non veg are not considered pure by the Sikh community. U.S., the practice of eating meat is more widespread than in most other countries. The burden of proof is on the accused if they are arrested. In the end, the Appellate Division concluded that Because discovery in this case has yet to begin, we are unable to identify what consequential damages were anticipated at the time of the samosa sale in the event of a breach. Between 100 BCE and 300 CE, Tamil texts state that Tamils ate a variety of foods, including fish. Hindus regard the cow as gentle and inoffensive, much in the same way as most of us view our own pets. Scholars have known for centuries that the ancient Indians ate beef. Huda Updated on July 03, 2019 Muslims follow a set of dietary laws which are outlined in the Qur'an. The government data shows that vegetarian households have higher income and consumption - are more affluent than meat-eating households. Violators might face up to ten years in prison and/or a fine of Rs 10,000. Meat is food for . Buffaloes, on the other hand, are exempt from the states laws. For Hindus who eat meat, some will still refrain from eating any kind of beef. The majority of us who were reared in traditional Hindu families were taught that beef was the one food that we were never allowed to eat under any circumstances. Sikhs who are Orthodox and pure will never eat non veg because it was not allowed by the guru. Meat has Tamasic property, so it increases anger, impatience and laziness in the body of a Man." In short, " You Will Not Become a great sinner by consuming meat. . Just this past June, at a national meeting of various Hindu organizations in India, a popular preacher, Sadhvi Saraswati, suggested that those who consumed beef should be publicly hanged. Most Muslims eat all kinds of meat. Nefer Say Nefer - Was Nefertiti Buried in the Valley of the Queens? From my perspective, in our day, the nationalist and fundamentalist Hindutva (Hindu-ness) movement is attempting to use this notion of the sanctity of the cow to disenfranchise Muslims. The cow is sacred in Hinduism, so modern Hindus do not eat beef. In Nepal, a majority Hindu nation, you can find meat offerings. Meat recipes that are similar to kebabs have been described in India for ages, even before Muslim rulers arrived. Modis government has also prohibited the slaughter of buffalo, thus destroying the Muslim-dominated buffalo meat industry and causing widespread economic hardship. Slaughter of a cow and its offspring is punishable by up to ten years in prison in Jammu and Kashmir. And thus tries to shut/cut down on meat on particular days of the week. USA bans dog meat and horse meat. Meat was cooked on skewers, curried, grilled, and fried in ghee, among other methods. He urged them not to waste their money on telegrams, but rather to put it to good use by improving the condition of cows. Buffaloes can also be killed. The Earth assumed the form of a cow and begged him to spare her life; she then allowed him to milk her for all that the people needed.. In 2015, in the western Indian state of Gujarat, lower-caste Hindus were flogged for skinning a dead cow, triggering spontaneous street protests and contributing to the resignation of the states chief minister. 5.27. So you are pretty safe. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Mr Beg's wife, Shaheen Begum, says initially his idea of becoming a cow protector came as a surprise. I believe the issue merits study, and we must make a judgment.. The plaintiffs have to prove that the damages were fairly foreseeable, according to the Appellate Division. First of all, in general, consumption of non-veg food items, by all people, under all circumstances is not a sin that scriptures will prescribe atonement measures for the act. Many Hindus, especially laypeople, do eat meat. It is not wicked to eat the meat of eatable animals, for Brahma has created both the eaters and the eatables, Manusmriti (Chapter 5 / Verse 30) reads. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The law also prohibits the slaughter of cows that are handicapped, diseased, or barren. The Hindu religion does not condone the ingestion of flesh items by mistake. 16), states Nanditha Krishna, condemns all killings of men, cattle and horses, and prays to god Agni to punish those who kill. Every day, the news of idols being desecrated and Temples being attacked makes it way to the news. It carries a punishment of 7 years' jail and/or Rs 10,000 fine. In few places did this happen more so than with the Muslim conquest of India and the Spanish conquests of native-American empires. Cow, bullock, and ox slaughter are prohibited in Uttar Pradesh, where a Muslim man was lynched in Dadri for allegedly ingesting beef. Just this past June, at a national meeting of various Hindu organizations in India, a popular preacher, Sadhvi Saraswati, suggested that those who consumed beef should be publicly hanged. Dalits, who make up the majority of Indias population, consume beef. There is a caveat that needs to be understood. Possession of meat of any slaughtered animal(s) is punishable by a year in prison, while killing he or she buffalo is punishable by a fine of five times the animals worth. Some Hindu shastras offer two-fold argument against meat-eating. As a scholar, studying Sanskrit and ancient Indian religion for over 50 years, I know of many texts that offer a clear answer to this question. Hindus dont eat beef because the cow is considered a sacred animal. By the age of 10, most children in the United States have been taught all 50 states that make up the country. When the process of writing the Constitution began, Mohandas Gandhi and many other key politicians received letters and telegrams requesting that cattle slaughter be made illegal. Indian legislators have long debated whether and to what extent the state should make laws for cow protection. The History Behind the Debate. The Appellate Division refused to enlarge the concept of ascertainable loss and affirmed the dismissal of the plaintiffs CFA claims, citing the lack of precedence for the plaintiffs claims. We dont eat cows, yet we worship them. The current global society has adopted many dietary alterations, restrictions, and nutritional value strategiesoften with a blind eye. Throughout history many if not most peoples who gained power over others felt they were able to do so because of the superiority of their gods, and proceeded to obliterate to the greatest extent possible the temples and religious activities of the vanquished. The article Hinduism and its Complicated History with Cows (and People Who EatThem) by Wendy Doniger was originally published on The Conversation and has been republished under a Creative Commons license. We are eating something that we are completely unaware has meat in it until it is too late. But why? It involves a penalty of 7 years in prison and/or a fine of Rs 10,000. Which meat is prohibited by Hinduism? In Hinduism, eating pork is one of the most sinful . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. All of this is known and nobody is going to challenge it. All of this is known and is not challenged by anybody. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Slaughter of all bovines is punishable by five years in prison in Himachal Pradesh. The Union Territory of Lakshadweep has seen several protests in recent weeks after its administrator attempted to implement a number of new initiatives, including the Draft Lakshadweep Animal Preservation Regulation, 2021, which imposes a minimum sentence of seven years in prison for selling or buying beef products. In Manipur, the Maharaja decreed prosecution for cow slaughter in 1939, but beef is extensively consumed. I'd just rinse my mouth twice with vegan mouthwash and proceed to down 6 gulab jamuns. Cow slaughter is prohibited in Assam unless a fit-for-slaughter certificate is issued at certain locations. This paper examines the politics of meat-eating, specifically beef consumption in contemporary India. Film Footage Provides Intimate View of HMS Gloucester Shipwreck, Top 8 Legendary Parties - Iconic Celebrations in Ancient History, The Spanish Inquisition: The Truth Behind the Black Legend (Part II), The Spanish Inquisition: The Truth behind the Dark Legend (Part I), Bloodthirsty Buddhists: The Sohei Warrior Monks of Feudal Japan, From Ancient Mystery School to Culture Capital: Eleusis Secret Past is Recognized, Iron Age Comb Made from Human Skull Discovered Near Cambridge, Dizzying Inca Rope Bridges Were Grass-Made Marvels of Engineering, Two Centuries Of Naval Espionage In Europe, What is Shambhala? In this regard, the CFA requires the plaintiff to show that he or she has suffered a loss The plaintiffs failed to meet their burden of proof of loss of money or property, according to the court. Personally, I believe in (1) but not (2), but even (2) refers to a regular lifestyle of meat-eating, not a one-time accidental meal. The caste was classified as untouchables since the community treated the dead animal as a source of meat. The statement didn't surprise many and rightly so. Slaughter of cows and oxen is prohibited in Jharkhand, as is their ownership and eating of their meat. What happens if a Hindu eats beef? ( CC BY 2.0 ). Wendy is just some Anti Hindu scholar who don't know much about Hinduism. Conclusion. . 5 years in prison and/or a fine of Rs 10,000 Buffalo slaughter is permitted. Cow and calf slaughter is prohibited in Tamil Nadu, and violators face up to three years in prison and/or a fine of Rs 1,000. Meat and wine are consumed by the Aghori sect of Hindu holy men throughout India. how much to replace driving license; when did the premier league restart 2020; how to increase sulforaphane in broccoli sprouts He advised people not to demand anything that would exacerbate the divide between people of different faiths. Later, at the same conclave, an animal rights activist, Chetan Sharma, said, Cow is also the reason for global warming. Hindu scriptures teach that the souls of those who eat meat can never go to God after death, which is the ultimate goal for Hindus. Its one of the dogmas that was never questioned growing up, at least not in my immediate circle. They are venerated as mothers (giving milk), and are a representation of the Mother Goddess. Published Date:August 24, 2016 3:03 AM IST. Following a review of the relevant precedent, the court came to the conclusion that Despite the fact that such proof, if it exists, is within plaintiffs control and does not require the opportunity to conduct discovery, they have offered no proof in connection with Moghul Expresss motion for summary judgment that would satisfy the relevant damages standard. There are Muslims, Parsis, Christians and other religious groups here., White cows decorated for Diwali celebrations. When she is slaughtered, something called EPW is released, which is directly responsible for global warming. There are Muslims, Parsis, Christians and other religious groups here.. Along with a single tear drop from a virtuous human being that has committed no mistake ever, in life. When she is slaughtered, something called EPW is released, which is directly responsible for global warming. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Thegoal of Ancient Origins is to highlight recent archaeological discoveries, peer-reviewed academic research and evidence, as well as offering alternative viewpoints and explanations of science, archaeology, mythology, religion and history around the globe. The Appellate Division considered the relevant provisions of the CFA, including those relating to misrepresentation of food identity, N.J.S.A. Such people may have regarded beef-eating in the light of what the historian Romila Thapar describes as a matter of status the higher the caste, the greater the food restrictions. 40% of the total Muslim population. They were told again that they would be having vegetarian samosas at that time. The Constituent Assembly was established in December 1946 to draft a Constitution for the new nation, and independence from British authority was achieved the following year, making this aim seem attainable. The Shatapatha Brahmana (3.1. Export began in the 1960s and grew significantly in the last decade. Scholars have known for centuries that the ancient Indians ate beef. Hindus should have beef banned in India. Scholars have known for centuries that the ancient Indians ate beef. Cows painted over a door are believed to bring good luck. Is it sinful to consume the cow? Source: counterclockwise/ CC BY NC SA 2.0. Two of the plaintiffs placed an order with defendant Asha Enterprises for vegetarian samosas (a fried or baked filled pastry) Indian eatery (Moghul Express). The vigilantes were shown pushing a concoction of cow dung, pee, milk, curd, and ghee down the victims throats in a video taken by the culprits. Attacks of this type are not new. There are some scientific and spiritual reasons behind not eating non-veg on particular months or days. The plaintiffs two negligence claimsnegligence resulting in spiritual injury and negligence causing emotional distresswere then considered jointly by the court. Hinduism gives us the wisdom to make up our own mind on what we put in our body except there is .
Ralph Macchio Political Party,
Sc Housing Payoff Request,
Charles Stanley Sermons 2022,
Pagan Deities Associated With Cats,
Articles W