Individuals with active requests for religious exemption are temporarily deferred from immunizations pending outcome Each staff member has had a physical examination within the last 3 years and the tests, examinations, and immunizations required by AF Joint Instruction 48-110, Immunizations and Chemprophylaxis. Prescription and over-the-counter medications also use fetal stem cells in their development and manufacture. Autistic children exhibit undetectable hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titers despite previous rubella vaccination. health consultant. How May Employers Determine Whether Professed Religious Beliefs Are Sincerely Held? \N8n3j"oT$+C @p@)`3#x6Wtjd)/ Clin Exp Immunol. deployability, assignment, or international travel, and that the exemption may be revoked under imminent risk 10, section 3.2, para 4 says: It is despicable for a business or government agency to force someone to take a vaccine that is unproven, dangerous and not fully tested, the church said in a statement. State legislators have tweaked the wordit is the establishment of religion not established religion. 1999 Jun;14(6):388-94. 2002 Apr;16(4):663-74. Review. Neuropsychobiology. It has been used to develop transplant therapies for a variety of conditions such as Parkinsons Disease. It also protects people who have sincerely held religious, ethical or moral beliefs but do not belong to a traditional, organized religion. (D) The requirement for the second dose of varicella vaccine shall not apply to individuals who enter Kindergarten or first grade for the first time before July 1, 2015. (D) No individual who has passed his or her fifth birthday shall be required to be vaccinated against pneumococcal disease. But these are the very considerations that the EEOC has said an employer may take into account in determining whether the religious belief for which the employee is requesting an accommodation is bona fide and not a subterfuge for indulging a personal preference. An employer may require employees simply to explain how COVID-19 vaccination is inconsistent with their religious beliefs, as the religious exemption form used by Duke Health does (hospitals have been among the earliest employers to require vaccination as a condition of employment and to have developed exemption forms). >> The documentation shall include the name of the individual with a history of varicella disease, the approximate date or age of infection, and a healthcare provider signature. PAVE offers this information at no cost but a donation to help us continue our efforts is greatly needed and appreciated. The Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines used cells from a fetal cell line in the development and testing of the vaccines. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commissions template is the same one the agency uses for its own employees, and was part of a Thursday update to (7) Hepatitis B vaccine three doses: the first dose by age 3 months, a second dose before age 5 months and a third dose by age 19 months. para 56). According to author Jamie Murphy in his bookWhat Every Parent Should Know About Childhood Immunization, A persons belief may, but doesnt have to, include belief in a deity, must be chief in importance in a persons life, and the person must be living by these beliefs.. The EEOC has identified four factors that might suggest that an employees professed religious belief is not, in fact, sincerely held, and therefore not entitled to Title VII protection: In the context of a claim that vaccination against COVID-19 conflicts with religious beliefs, these factors might take the form of, What a Religious Exemption Request Form Might Look Like. I believe that our body is the temple of the Holy Spirit and that I am called to honor God in how I care for my body, the form states. No abstract available. Pathological significance in autism. In other words, the cells are manipulated in the lab to specialize into specific types of cells, such as heart muscle cells, blood cells or nerve cells. RELIGIOUS EXEMPTION PART 1605GUIDELINES ON DISCRIMINATION BECAUSE OF RELIGION. PMID: 9232480 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 26: Gupta S, Aggarwal S, Heads C. Pursuant to the aforementioned N.C.G.S. As a result, autistic children and their families should be exempted from dangerous vaccinations. (What is the Air Force policy that governs Immunizations, you ask?). (C) Individuals who receive the first dose of Haemophilus influenzae, b vaccine on or after 15 months of age are required to have only one dose of any of the Haemophilus influenzae b conjugate vaccines. Media reports suggest that employees are asking for religious or religious medical exemptions in significant numbers. Meredith College is committed to Ive been told it is an all or nothing decision, either my child receives all the vaccines or none of the vaccines in order to obtain a religious exemption. (ADDRESS) of Security, 489 U.S. 829, that a religious belief is subject to protection even though no religious group espouses such beliefs or the fact that the religious group to which the individual professes to belong may not advocate or require such belief. PMID: 8964908 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 29: Warren RP, Singh VK, Averett RE, Odell JD, Maciulis A, Burger RA, Daniels WW, Warren WL. Innate Immunity Associated with Inflammatory Responses and Cytokine Production against Common Dietary Proteins in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder. 130A-152 contrary to my bona fide religious beliefs and claim, as permitted by the law, an exemption from the immunization requirements of your institution for the undersigned minor child under my legal care and guardianship. February 1, 1988, for a period of 180 days to expire on July 29, 1988; It is not intended to serve as legal advice, nor is it intended to take the place of appropriate legal counsel. There are 2 types of exemptions from immunization: medical and administrative. 1992;36(4):203-7. Still others do not feel such a leading; but support the individual believers liberty of conscience, consistent with the principles outlined in 1 Corinthians 8. In most cases whether or not a practice or belief is religious is not at issue. J Autism Dev Disord. accordance with 29 CFR 1605 and component and local policies. Title VII requires an employer to accommodate an employees sincerely held religious belief, practice or observance, unless it would cause an undue hardship on the business. No. Doses administered more than four days prior to the requirements are considered invalid doses and shall be repeated. The NC statute states that it must be a bona fide religious belief, meaning, in a word, genuine.. If I were to go against the moving of the Holy Spirit, I would be sinning and jeopardizing my relationship with God and violating my conscience., The group also advises pastors in their letters on behalf of parishioners to write that the person has told me that based on his review of Centers for Disease Control guidance and position statements, and understanding of the issues, and much prayer that he might discern truth from error, and whether he should get the shot, the Holy Spirit is not allowing him to accept the COVID shot. Lymphocyte function in autism and Rett syndrome. They are medical and religious. 2001 Nov 1;120(1-2):170-9. On one hand, religious beliefs protected by Title VII include beliefs in the existence of a divine power as well as moral or ethical beliefs as to what is right and wrong which are sincerely held with the strength of traditional religious views. See 29 CFR 1605.1. Vaccines in which fetal stem cell lines have been used also include those more typically administered to adults, such as those for hepatitis A and B, shingles and rabies. If your religious beliefs didnt keep you from getting a flu shot, theyre not likely to be the real reason you refuse a COVID vaccination. (C) If the first dose is administered on or after the 16th birthday, a booster dose is not required. Parents must be counseled that the child may be excluded during an outbreak of vaccine preventable /Filter /LZWDecode The EEOC has said that there is usually no reason to question whether the practice at issue is religious or sincerely held, but that an employer with a bona fide doubt about the basis for the accommodation request is entitled to make a limited inquiry into the facts and circumstances of the employees claim. Some of the nations largest employers now require vaccination for employees, as do a number of private universities, including some Catholic schools. Those exemptions, however, require approval from the state health director. (Your PHONE) As I have prayed about what I should do, the Holy Spirit has moved on my heart and conscience that I must not accept the COVID shot. PMID: 11098887 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 14: Fiumara A, Sciotto A, Barone R, DAsero G, Munda S, Parano E, Pavone L. We hope you will! The third question asks whether this religious belief prevents the employee from receiving all vaccines or only some vaccines. October 1, 1995; October 1, 1994; January 1, 1994; January 4, 1993; 1605.1 Religious nature of a practice or belief. On the specific subject of COVID-19 vaccination, numerous religious leaders have encouraged their followers to get vaccinated. Monday - Saturday: 8 am - 5:00pm considered for exemption consistent with applicable personnel management policies. It does not have to be to allow the employee to continue performing their job duties unvaccinated but may include reassignment or leave without pay. of Health & Human Services (919-707-5550), and someone there will be glad to help you. Finally, the UPenn form probes into whether the professed belief is truly a religious belief or whether it is simply a personal belief about vaccination or COVID-19 vaccination that is independent of religion. There are three main points to keep in mind in responding to employee requests for a religious exemption from an employers COVID-19 vaccination requirement. Army Regulation 608-10. http://www.army.mil/usapa/epubs/pdf/r608_10.pdf An employer may require an employee to explain how their religious beliefs prohibit them from being vaccinated, but it cannot require confirmation from a religious leader such as a minister, priest, rabbi or imam. - If the bona fide religious beliefs of an adult or the parent, Neuropsychobiology. PMID: 8765331 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 28: Singh VK. The vast majority of religions have no theological objections to vaccination in general. The commander must counsel the individual and recommend approval or denial of the exemption request, by 1977 Mar;7(1):49-55. As the National Institute of Health and the Mayo Clinic explain, embryonic or fetal stem cells are ideal for medical research because they can divide and renew themselves over a long time. Another 1,452 students (1.2 percent) had a religious exemption. Must my religious exemption form or letter be notarized? People hold signs during a protest at the state house in Trenton, N.J.,on Jan. 13, 2020. A waiver of immunizations signed by Chief, Preventive Medicine may be considered for religious However: (In other words, when the First Amendment says Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, it ties the hands of government, not the hands of the people. It does not need to be submitted to the state. Use this form for contraindications not recognized by the Commission for Public Health. Youth and Teen programs are exempt from this requirement. J Autism Dev Disord. However: While many religious beliefs are felt more than being factually provable, the current appeal to religion as an out for COVID vaccination often uses especially vague language. (5) Mumps vaccine two doses: the first dose of live, attenuated vaccine administered on or after age 12 months and before age 16 months; and a second dose before entering school, college or university for the first time. This is how the American Medical Association feels about your constitutional right to a religious exemption: H-440.970 Religious Exemptions from Immunizations. No. No. Christian Scientists may be able to present a consistent pattern of denying health care out of religious conviction, but few other religious groups can. Keep in mind that the state most likely did not institute the use of an official state form so that parents would feel intimidated by having to write their statement of beliefs instead of just filling in a simple form. Possible association of the extended MHC haplotype B44-SC30-DR4 with autism. of Health (2001 WY 26) which states that where a statute uses the mandatory language shall, a court must obey the statute as a court has no right to make the law contrary to what is prescribed in the legislature. The right to pick & choose has also been confirmed by Chris Hoke, Chief, Legal and Regulatory Affairs, NC Division of Public Health. Compare with the requirements for military members religious exemptions: Louisiana Attorney General Jeff Landry, a Republican who regularly spars with Democratic Gov. (c) The State Health Director may suspend temporarily any portion of the requirements of this Rule due to emergency conditions, such as the unavailability of vaccine. 130A-152. All rights reserved. For example, if someone seeking an exemption opposes COVID-19 vaccines because fetal cell lines were used to develop or test them, an administrator might ask whether that person takes Tylenol or other over-the-counter medications developed or tested using fetal cell lines, Reiss points out. 11.1. 1998 Oct;89(1):105-8. You may want to read the court case of Susan LePage vs. State of Wyoming, Dept. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. Likewise, the Charlotte Observer consulted labor lawyers who also said these forms for religious exemption to COVID vaccination are not likely to be effective. A5.40.3. All of these organizations have encouraged Muslims to get vaccinated (see here and here). 9LbB. There is no form for requesting religious exemptions in North Carolina. AnalysisMark Wingfield | August 18, 2021. Yet in our ignorance weve allowed these things to be reversed. Here are two examples from the Buddhist perspective. It is Health Protection. Even if the employees religious belief is sincerely held and qualifies for protection under Title VII, an employer need not accommodate it if the accommodation would constitute an undue hardship. Under Title VII, courts define undue hardship as having more than minimal cost or burden on the employer. 2002;46(2):76-84. MARINE CORPS The current Emergency Use Authorization status of all of the COVID shots means that they cannot be mandated, the site claims. Religious Exemptions from a Mandatory Vaccination Requirement. (E) An individual born before July 1, 2015 shall not be required to receive pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Immunol Invest. That goes against religious dietary restrictions for some Jews and Muslims, which are a common reason for religious vaccine exemptions. Genetic and immunologic considerations in autism. An inconsistent attitude could be evidence that the employees religious belief is not bona fide or sincerely held and that the employee is not entitled to an accommodation. 5.6. As part of my prayers, I have asked God for direction regarding the current COVID shot requirement. Upon submission of a written statement of the bona fide religious beliefs and opposition to the immunization requirements, the person may attend the college, university, school or facility without presenting a certificate of immunization. 1976 Sep;6(3):269-74. Many citizens know that we have religious freedom yet arent familiar with the way the First Amendment is worded. Second, to determine whether the employee is entitled to an accommodation, the employer is entitled to a full and complete explanation of the employees religious belief and how it precludes COVID-19 vaccination. In fact, it might be hard to believe that an employer could ask them. 1996 Aug;26(4):439-52. Abnormal measles-mumps-rubella antibodies and CNS autoimmunity in children with autism. appropriate immunizations as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The Read our republishing, terms of use and privacy policies here. Biol Psychiatry. Fetal stem cells have been used in the development and manufacture of numerous other vaccines. PMID: 2004485 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 36: Yonk LJ, Warren RP, Burger RA, Cole P, Odell JD, Warren WL, WhiteE, SinghVK. J Biomed Sci. % A range of immune impairments are documented in autism. in place of an immunization record. North Carolina law provides for two types of exemptions from required immunizations. However: Simply follow the states own instructions, and you are in compliance with the law. . Amended Eff. Must a daycare, whether public or private, accept a religious exemption? There is no form for requesting religious exemptions in North Carolina. You will be given 30 days to comply with the immunization requirements. Quote: (We / I) {First and Last name(s)}, as the {(parent (s) / guardian(s)} of ______________________(name of newborn child) are exercising (our/my) rights under the US Constitution, Army Regulation 40-562, BUMEDINST 6230.15A, AF JI 48-110, CG COMDTINST M6230.4F , section 3.2, para4, and Army Regulation 608-10, section 4-6, para 2, to receive Religious Exemption from Vaccination, due to our genuine and sincere religious beliefs which are contrary to the practices herein required. United States> Code of Federal Regulations> Title 29 Labor> CHAPTER XIVEQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION, 29 C.F.R. Front Biosci. America magazine, a Catholic journal, published an Aug. 3 article titled, Do Not Give Religious Exemptions for Covid Vaccines, New York Archdiocese Tells Its Priests. The article reports that New Yorks top Catholic leaders have warned priests: Do not lend legitimacy to the notion that the church supports COVID-19 vaccine exemptions. 2 0 obj Fetal Cells Have Frequently Been Used in the Development of Other Vaccines. PID: Name: Program Associated with Vaccine Requirement: Program Quote: No abstract available. DHHS Home | A-Z Site Map | Divisions | About Us | Contacts |. J Autism Dev Disord. The Cathedral of St. Patrick has also offered a sample religious exemption form to parishioners who are seeking a religious exemption to the COVID-19 vaccination, Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of children with autism. 2.Would complying with the COVID-19 vaccination requirement Religious exemptions from vaccination mandates should be granted only for sincerely held religious beliefs and practices, not for suddenly held beliefs invented (4) Rubella vaccine one dose of live, attenuated vaccine on or after age 12 months and before age 16 months. Immunogenetic studies in autism and related disorders. Getting a religious exemption is much easier. It asks whether the employees religious belief derives from an organized religion and if so, asks the employee to identify that religion and when the employee began to practice it and where. Yes. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/Font<>>>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792]/Type/Page/Parent 101 0 R /Contents 2 0 R /Annots[ 376 0 R 430 0 R 540 0 R 551 0 R 552 0 R 553 0 R 554 0 R 555 0 R 556 0 R 557 0 R 558 0 R 559 0 R ]/Tabs/S/Group<>>> The state also allows exemptions based on bona fide religious beliefs., Your California Privacy Rights / Privacy Policy. You could be Muslim, Jewish, or any other religion. (A) An individual who has laboratory confirmation of rubella disease or who has been documented by serological testing to have a protective antibody titer against rubella is not required to receive rubella vaccine. 1999 Mar;14(3):203-5. Review article: the concept of entero-colonic encephalopathy, autism and opioid receptor ligands. 2017), an employee who sought a religious exemption from a flu vaccine requirement on the basis of his belief that one should not harm ones own body and that the flu vaccine might do more harm than good. PMID: 6182806 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 41: Stubbs EG, Crawford ML. Homeschooling parents should keep their exemption letter in their home with their homeschool documentation. NAVY A sincerely held religious belief can be one held by only a single person. The following link is to a site called Immunize North Carolina and features a section on North Carolinas vaccination rules and laws, school requirements, and the childhood vaccination schedule. pg. Med Hypotheses. PMID: 7760985 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 32: Warren RP, Burger RA, Odell D, Torres AR, Warren WL. Guard: CG122 is the designated approval and revocation authority for temporary immunization exemptions. There is no law that requires employers or institutions to grant blanket exemptions. 2000 Oct;30(5):475-9. Private insurance companies may also deny coverage for the same reason as well because there is no law which guarantees health coverage. The UPenn form begins by asking the employee to describe the sincerely held religious belief their receipt of COVID-19 vaccination. In particular, the basis of his refusal of the flu vaccinehis concern that the flu vaccine may do more harm than goodis a medical belief, not a religious one. At Freedom House, Pastor Troy Maxwell said he would write religious exemptions to employers who require vaccinations, the Observer reported. But in successful claims under Title VII, religion has typically concerned ideas about the meaning of life and death, the afterlife and the soul. The EEOC published a sample form that employers can use for religious accommodation requests from workers, which have risen as Covid-19 vaccine mandates proliferate in the workplace. Protect the health of staff, children, and parents while they are in the program. 1996 May;66(1-2):143-5. But not only them. Neurosci Lett. Autism and the immune system. AFI 34-276 is the AFI that governs Family Child Care. Examples of medical exemption forms used by hospitals as employers are available online. Neuropsychobiology. and daycare centers or similar facilities on military installations. J Child Neurol. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Religious exemptions require a written statement from the parent/sponsor stating that he/she objects to the vaccination based upon personal beliefs. My explanation was that Human life is sacred. Must I attend, adhere to the beliefs of, or be a member of, a recognized religious order to obtain an exemption? those recognized by the Commission for Public Health. Familial clustering of autoimmune disorders and evaluation of medical risk factors in autism. (C) Individuals who receive the first dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on or after 24 months of age and before 5 years are required to have 1 dose to complete the series. The vaccine is made from aborted fetuses. Does a minister or head of a religious order need to sign the exemption? (CSA Rep. B, A-87; Reaffirmed: Sunset Report, I-97), (This link is provided for informational purposes only. Religious exemptions for required immunizations will only be granted upon submission of the "Request for Exemption from Immunization Requirement: Religious Belief" Form (see attached document). However, if a healthcare provider administers vaccine up to and including the fourth day prior to the required minimum age, the individual dose is not required to be repeated. Some of these impairments can be acquired, some are genetic. Although an individual has a constitutional right to choose or refuse treatment, the individual cannot use the Constitution to force a private physician to provide such treatment. Title VIIs prohibition on religious discrimination protects people who belong to traditional, organized religions, such as Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism. To claim an exemption, the parent must provide a written statement of their religious objection to immunization, including the name and date of the person for whom the exemption is being requested. An increasing number of employers are making vaccination against COVID-19 a condition of employment. When proof of vaccination is needed, the person simply presents the signed Medical Exemption Statement. All schools and child-care facilities (public, private and religious) must certify that students have received the required immunizations. The Role of Stem Cells in Medical Research and Drug Development. http://www.immunize.nc.gov/schools/ncruleslaws.htm, http://www.immunize.nc.gov/ParentsSchoolReqs.htm, http://www.immunize.nc.gov/images/PDFs/2003childsched_nc.pdf. J Autism Child Schizophr. PMID: 8118537 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 33: Plioplys AV, Greaves A, Kazemi K, Silverman E. specific policies to accommodate doctrinal religious beliefs. PMID: 9512308 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 21: Messahel S, Pheasant AE, Pall H, Ahmed-Choudhury J, Sungum-Paliwal RS, Vostanis P. In the near future, the federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the North Carolina Division of Occupational Safety and Health (NC OSH) are likely to require most larger employers to adopt a vaccine mandate (see here). PMID: 8871944 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 30: Daniels WW, Warren RP, Odell JD, Maciulis A, Burger RA, Warren WL, Torres AR. **, 320 Emergency Room Drive For employees who answer no, that their religious does not derive from an organized religion, UPenn asks three more questions: Employees who answer yes to any of the three questions above, are asked to explain. PMID: 12199139 [PubMed in process], 3: Kidd PM. Neuroanatomy, 1: Jyonouchi H, Sun S, Itokazu N. Immunological treatments for autism. According to the state, this is not necessary. PMID: 9105969 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 24: Singh VK, Singh EA, Warren RP. Plasma increase of interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma. specific vaccine information including product constituents, benefits, and risks; and potential risks of infection incurred The School of Government depends on private and public support for fulfilling its mission. An employee may have a sincerely held religious belief, practice, or observance that forbids taking a COVID-19 vaccination. (Your SIGNATURE) Med Hypotheses. Peripheral lymphocyte subsets and other immune aspects in Rett syndrome. But un-immunized students with either a medical or religious exemption still can attend school. Spiritual and Philosophical, in both cases seek One Source (One without a second) aka Truth which is the One Source. (B) Individuals who receive the first dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on or after 12 months of age and before 24 months of age are required to have 2 doses at least 8 weeks apart to complete the series. 11.2. Alamine said the Quran Intra-monocyte pathogens delineate autism subgroups. 24 Jun 04, 3. See here, here and here. The State Health Director may, upon request by a physician licensed to practice medicine in this State, grant a medical exemption to a required immunization for a contraindication not on the list adopted by the Commission. Who may I contact if a NC school or daycare official refuses my exemption? (C) The requirements for the mumps vaccine do not apply to individuals who entered the first grade for the first time before July 1, 1987 or college or university before July 1, 1994. The commander must counsel that noncompliance with immunization requirements may adversely impact (4) at the bottom of page 10 of this document: http://www.vaccines.mil/documents/969r40_562.pdf It specifically states, (4) Department of Defense schoolteachers, daycare center workers, and children attending DODsponsored schools 130A-157, and 10A NCAC 41A .0404 and .0405, no child shall be exempt from the requirements of 10A NCAC 41 .0401; there is no exception to these requirements for the case of a personal belief or philosophy of a parent or guardian not founded upon a religious belief. Statements of religious objection to immunization do not need to be notarized, signed by a religious leader, or prepared by an attorney. The Department shall give notice in writing to all local health departments and other providers currently receiving vaccine from the Department when the suspension takes effect and when the suspension is lifted. Furthermore, the genetic Generally, he simply worries about the health effects of the flu vaccine, disbelieves the scientifically accepted view that it is harmless to most people, and wishes to avoid this vaccine. Also note that the Navy appears to follow DOD Regulations in regards to Navy daycare and youth programs. https://qol.persnet.navy.mil/CYPWeb/aspx?id=Policy, ________________________________________________ 1996 May-Aug;28(1-3):77-81. Review. July 1, 2015; January 1, 2008; November 1, 2005; January 1, 2005; April 1, 2003. other appropriate categories. It all depends on the individual policy of the institution whether or not they will accept your child. Although opposition to COVID vaccines has been tracked more as a political issue than a religious belief, national polling consistently has shown that conservative evangelical Christians tend to be overly represented among the vaccine hesitant and the vaccine refusers. (C) An individual born before April 1, 2001 is not required to receive varicella vaccine. . Medical exemptions can only be requested by a physician licensed to practice medicine in North Carolina. Proinflammatory and regulatory cytokine production associated with innate and adaptive immune responses in children with autism spectrum disorders and developmental regression. Screenshot from Liberty Counsels website. Requests for religious exemption must include name, rank, social security number (SSN), occupational specialty Pastor Gregg Farrington said his church is pro-freedom, not anti-vaccine, yet hes been approached by hundreds of people who feel morally compromised by mandatory vaccination requirements.. In Fallon v. Mercy Catholic Medical Center (3d Cir. PMID: 8863094 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE], 27: Warren RP, Odell JD, Warren WL, Burger RA, Maciulis A, Daniels WW, Torres AR. J Child Neurol. For a Catholic congregation to take this step could be considered a direct conflict with the position of the pope and global church leadership.

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