Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates. A gem of ages: 7 island rock formations in Northern Samar. 3: The Myth of the Sleeping Hero: Three Philippine Cases. Centipedes are predators and eat a wide variety of insects and small animals. Mikkelsen, H. H. (2016). Lulu.com, 2016. University of San Carlos Publications. The scarab, in some tales, represents Ra, the sun god, rolling the sun across the sky. Hinilawod: Adventures of Humadapnon, chanted by Hugan-an and recorded by Dr. F. Landa Jocano, Metro Manila: 2000, Punlad Research House. Reyes y Florentino, Isabelo de los (1909). The Journal of American Folklore. THe Bukidnon Batbatonon and Pamuhay: A Socio-Literary Study. 2: The Tiruray. Psychic Phenomena: A Clinical Investigation. Maka-andog: A Reconstructed Myth from Eastern Samar, Philippines. Philippine Folk Literature: The Legends. Martinez-Juan, M. C. (2003). Teresita Alcantara y Antonio. Balancing the Spiritual and Physical Worlds: Memory, Responsibility, and Survival in the Rituals of the Sama Dilaut (Bajau laut) in Sitangkai, Tawi-Tawi, Southern Philippines and Semporna, Sabah, Malaysia. University of Chicago Press, 1968. Oceanic Linguistics30:73129. (1979). E. Floro, 1950. Protection from snake and scorpion bites is not to be taken lightly. Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog. San Buenaventura, Fr. Folklore Studies Vol. Philippine Studies Vol. Genitality in Tagalog. Webhow do floodplains jeopardize the livelihoods of agricultural workers. 2, No. Of University of the Philippines Press, 2014. Tenorio, J., Stuart A. Schlegel, S. A. Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society Vol. Marsden, William (1784). Page 40. Beyer, H. O. Want to shed the baggage of your old life and embrace a new and beautiful one? Lifestyle Inquirer. Diccionario mitologico de Filipinas. Pedro de(1613). Cultural Center of the Philippines (1994). University of Manila., 1956. Good Press, 2019. History Department, De La Salle University Manila. A.M.S. The butterfly is one of natures most perfect examples of change, transformation, and growth. Omar Publications. Some Aspects of Filipino Vernacular Literature, 292293. Jocano, F. L. (1967). Schlegel, S. A. That means I feel pretty good about offering meats and/or cheeses to Sepa, but not fruits, and not really sweets (which are frequently grain-based). Webmichael carmine longtime companion; lyon college salaries. Lulu.com, 2016. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Scientific American: Supplement, Volume 51. The Institutions of Maguindanao. Barton, R. F. (1955, December). University of the Philippines Press. Frigga was the wife of the all-powerful Odin, and was considered a goddess of fertility and marriage within the Norse pantheon. It was unknown to Old World cultures so not historically likely to have a connection with deities of European cultures. Page 29. Eugenio, Damiana L. (1993). Madrid, 1895. Pack, J., Behrens, D. (1973). Sepa was sometimes referred to as the centipede of Horus and the Book of the Dead also makes a connection between Sepa and Anubis: I am Anubis on the Day of the Centipede, I am the Bull who presides over the field. Master's thesis, University of the Philippines, Diliman. (2017). He was sometimes referred to as the centipede of Horus but was also closely associated with Osiris. Manila: Impr. Vocabulario de la lengua tagala: compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves, y coordinado. WebKnown as The Centipede of Horus , he does a similar job to Khepri the Scarab, but with more legs. The Manobos of Mindanao. Learn Religions, Sep. 20, 2021, learnreligions.com/insect-magic-and-folklore-2562520. University of Manila Journal of East Asiatic Studies, Volume 5. p. 52. The ties that bind: The Buhid Mangyan People of Mindoro, their Sacred Lands and Medicine Mountain. (2016). It is yellow-ish gray and usually has no more than 15 pairs of legs. Agurang: the good spirit who fought against Asuwang, Asuwang: the malevolent spirit who fought against Asuwang, Gamhanan: the supreme deity and giver of life, security, and livelihood; lives with many other gods in Mount Daeogdog, where he gives life and punishes errant mortals; used to have a loyal deer-like pet and messenger called Panigotlo, which bleated as a sign of abundance to mortals or foretells floods and despairs to alert the people, Bululakaw: lived in the island's sacred mountain called Madya-as, Bangutbanwa: deity who is prayed to for a good harvests and an orderly universe, Mangindalon: intercedes for sick persons and punishes enemies, Damhanan: the hunter who killed Panigotlo, the sacred deer-like pet of Gamhanan, Daeogdog: a man with violent temper whose name means thunder; married to Mabuot; wanted to force a marriage between his daughter Agahon and a man named Maeopig, Mabuot: a woman who was kind and gentle, married to Daeogdog; tried to prevent the marriage of Agahon with the hot-tempered Maeopig, Agahon: daughter of Daeogdog and Mabuot; said to be as lovely as the dawn; was to be married to Maeopig even though she rejected the proposal; killed herself before the marriage; from her burial, grew the mango tree, Maeopig: suitor of Agahon; had an uncontrollable anger and was chosen by Daeogdog to marry his daughter, Maka-ako: the supreme deity residing on the uppermost level of the cosmic universe's seven layers, Alunsina: the mother goddess of the Hinilawod epic heroes; aided in the battle against Saragnayon, Laonsina: a sky goddess and grandmother of Nagmalitung Yawa, Unnamed Sky God: a sky god who prevented Balanakon from traveling to Labaw Donggon's territory, Tagna-an: the creator god and a busalian shaman; the most powerful and versatile of all ma-aram shamans, Hugna-an: the first man; a ma-aram shaman and child of Tagna-an, Humihinahon: the first woman; a ma-aram shaman and child of Tagna-an, Kapapu-an: the pantheon of ancestral spirits from whom the supernatural powers of shamans originated from; their aid enables specific types of shamans to gush water from rocks, leap far distances, create oil shields, become invisible, or pass through solid matter, Papu Estrella Bangotbanwa: a deified shaman who controlled the forces of nature, Sidapa: god who establishes a person's lifespan through a very tall tree on, Pandaque: god who allows the souls of the dead to enter Mount Madya-as, the home of the dead, if a proper mag-anito ritual is held, Simuran: a god who takes the souls to the lower regions, Siginarugan: a god who takes the souls to the lower regions, Bangle: carries the non-liquefied soul across the water; the way he carries the soul differs depending on the soul's answers to his questions, Bagubu: deity of the stream which follows after the crossing with Bangle, Labaw Donggon: an epic hero who journeyed to many lands, Gimbitinan: a wife of Labaw Donggon; mother of the hero Asu Mangga, Anggoy Doronoon: a wife of Labaw Donggon; mother of the hero Buyung Baranugun, Yawa Sinagmaling: the wife of the lord, Saragnayon; Labaw Donggon fell in love with her, leading to the battle between Labaw Donggon and Saragnayon, Saragnayon: husband of Yawa Sinagmaling; became a mortal after the wild boar which safeguards his immortality was defeated, Asu Mangga: hero son of Gimbitinan and Labaw Donggon; fought Saragnayon for the release of his father, Buyung Baranugun: hero son of Anggoy Doronoon and Labaw Donggon; fought Saragnayon for the release of his father. Creation and Flood Myths in Philippine Folk Literature. Depending on where you live, you probably see spiders starting to emerge from their hiding spots at some point in the summer. I am Anubis on the Day of the Centipede, I am the Bull who presides over the field. Journal of International Development and Cooperation of Hiroshima University. Borneo Research Bulletin. Cudera, R. B., Razon, B. C., Millondaga, K. J. I. (1932, January). Hes also invoked against the Uncreated One in its serpent form, reinforcing Sepas ability to protect mortals against everyday snakes. Dutton & Co., Inc. Lutero, C. D. (1986). Ouano-Savellon, R. (2014). Two bright and positive crow-related deities are Bran Vendigeit (Bran the Blessed) and his sister Branwen (White Crow). vii. Jenks, A. 18, No. Pasig: River of Life. POTET, Jean-Paul G. (2016). Novellino, D. (2003). 5, No. Its legs are very long and almost spider-like all up and down its body. dayton leroy rogers family. Diwata na Magbabaya: simply referred as Magbabaya; the good supreme deity and supreme planner who looks like a man; created the earth and the first eight elements, namely bronze, gold, coins, rock, clouds, rain, iron, and water; using the elements, he also created the sea, sky, moon, and stars; also known as the pure god who wills all things; one of three deities living in the realm called Banting; Dadanhayan ha Sugay: the evil lord from whom permission is asked; depicted as the evil deity with a human body and ten heads that continuously drools sticky saliva, which is the source of all waters; one of the three deities living in the realm called Banting, Agtayabun: the adviser and peace maker deity with a hawk-like head, wings, and a human body; tempers the heads of Diwata na Magbabaya and Dadanhayan ha Sugay whenever the two argue; one of the three deities living in the realm called Banting, where he holds the other two in a suspending fashion, while maintaining the balanace of Banting; the beating of his wings produce the wind, Incantus: six of the seven original figures initially created by the three supreme deities; became guardian spirits and divinities when they were finished by Dadanhayan ha Sugay; they are both good and evil, but they take care of nature and will give its fruits if given respect through offerings; if offended, they can send droughts, flood, pestilence, or sickness, Ibabagsuk: take care of nature and grow plants, Bulalakaw: guards the water and all the creatures living in it, Mamahandi: guards over the material wealth that men acquire, First Human: one of the seven original figures created by the three supreme deities; became the first human when finished by Diwata na Magbabaya; endowed with intelligence, and entrusted with the Haldan ta Paraiso, Magbabaya (general): general term for the gods of the universe living at the points where the world's concavities meet; usually referred simply to the supreme deity named Diwata na Magbabaya, Intumbangol: a pair of serpent deities who support the earth from the underworld; one is male, the other female; their movement causes earthquakes, their breathing causes winds, and their panting causes violent storms, Miyaw-Biyaw: the deity who breathes the makatu (soul) into humans at birth, Andalapit: leads the soul from the banquet in Kumbirahan into the foot of Mount Balatucan, where the gods of the seas are assembled to judge the soul, Mangilala: god of temptation that haunts the seventh tier of the underworld; brother of Magbabaya, who he aided in the creation of humans, although when Mangilala breathed into the figures, humans became tempted to evil things, Pamahandi: protector of carabaos and horses, Camiguin: a mountain goddess who lived peacefully until the noisy kalaw disturbed her; sank and established Lake Mainit, and rose to sea, moving westward until she became the island of Camiguin, Python of Pusod Hu Dagat: the gigantic python living at the center of the sea; caused a massive flood when it coiled its body at sea, Tuluyan: son of Agyu, who gave him the source of traditional authority called Takalub, composed of the boar-tusk bracelet Baklaw and the black stick Gilling, which gave its owner Kalaki (talent and power) to settle disputes, Gahemen: a widow who survived the flood caused by the Python of Pusod Hu Dagat, Teheban: son of Gahemen after the great flood caused by the Python of Pusod Hu Dagat, Pabulusen: son of Gahemen and Teheban; his people became keepers of power, A-ayawa-en: son of Gahemen and Teheban; his people became keepers of religious customs, Tataun-en: son of Gahemen and Teheban; his people often experienced hunger, Bala-ol: brother of Mampolompon; survived the great drought and became an ancestor of the Bukidnon, Mampolompon: brother of Bala-ol; survived the great drought and became an ancestor of the Bukidnon, Tibolon: survived the great drought and became an ancestor of the Bukidnon, Managdau: survived the great drought and became an ancestor of the Bukidnon, Diwata: became a friend of the carpenter, David, Limokan: a pigeon who when cooed at, ensures a bountiful harvest, Datu Indulum: formulated the laws of Mt. Cultural and ecological significance of Odonata (Insecta) to the T'boli of Lake Sebu, Mindanao, Philippines. University of San Carlos. Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. The Bukidnon of Mindanao. 28, No. (1977). Lapulapu: a ruler of Mactan who is valorous, strong, and noble, as well as driven and fearless especially in times of armed conflict; in one account, he is also a mangatang (pirate); bested Humabon in politics, trade, and ocean territory in most accounts, while in one account, Humabon managed to overcome Lapulapu; Humabon: a ruler of Sugbo who is cautious and highly respected, but also brave and courageous especially in times of armed conflict; a verified historical person, Sri Lumay Bataugong: the legendary founder of Sugbo who was said to have come from Sumatra, Bulakna: wife of Lapulapu; in other epics, Lapulapu instead has three wives and eleven children, Zula: a ruler that Lapulapu had an enmity with due to both ruler's affection towards Bulakna. Springer International Publishing. Kenno, L. W. V. (1901). These animals are predatory and carnivorous. 1/2, Philippine Cultural Minorities II: Mangyan Folklore. Page 378. Sepa is considered to be a protector against poisonous bites and stings, which is a common attribute among deities of venomous creatures, including scorpions (Serqet) and snakes (Wadjet and others). Alvina, Corazon S. (1989). Filipino Heritage, II. Maklilum-sa-twan: the god of the plains and valleys. [] on my merry little way with no more than a respectful nod and libation. The Culture of the Bontoc Igorot. North Atlantic Books, 2010. University,University of Manila (1958). University of San Carlos Publications. University of the Philippines. University of Santo Toms (2002). University of Manila., 1958. Supreme Being: referred to as Mayo, in one account; Mayo: a fisherfolk hero who introduced the yuyus used to catch flying fishes called dibang, which are in turn used to catch the summertime fish arayu, The Giver: the entity who provides all things; the souls of the upper class travel to the beings's abode in heaven and become stars, Aitu: refers to the souls of the dead, place spirits, and wandering invisibles not identified nor tied down to any particular locale or thing, Aitu between Chavidug and Chavayan: place spirit Aitus who were reported to create sounds when the gorge between Chavidug and Chavayan were being created through dynamite explosions; believed to have shifted their residences after the construction of the passage, Rirryaw Aitu: place spirit Aitus who played music and sang inside a cave in Sabtang, while lighting up fire; believed to have change residences after they were disturbed by a man, ji Rahet Aitu: a grinning place spirit Aitu who lived in an old tree; a man later cut the tree and found an earthen pot believed to have been owned by the Aitu, Nuvwan Aitu: good place spirit Aitus who saved a woman from a falling tree; they are offered rituals through the vivyayin, ji P'Supwan Aitu: good place spirit Aitus who became friends and allies of a mortal woman named Carmen Acido; sometimes taking in the form of dogs, they aided her and guided her in many of her tasks until her death from old age; despite their kindness towards Carmen, most people avoided the farm where they live, Mayavusay Aitu: place spirit Aitus living in a parcel of land in Mayavusay; sometimes take in the form of piglets, and can return cut vegetation parts into the mother vegetation, Cairn-dwelling Aitu: place spirit Aitus who lived in cairns and put a curse towards a man who destroyed their home; appearing as humans, the shaman Balaw conversed with them to right the wrong made by the man against their home, Mayuray Aitu: a wandering Aitu who expanded and was filled with darkness; encountered by a young boy who the spirit did not harm; referred as a kapri, Aitus who walk around and grow as tall as the height for their surroundings, Dayanak Aitu: a type of very small Aitu with red eyes and gold ornaments; accepting their gold ornaments will cause misfortune, Benita: a mortal woman who was visited by her deceased husband in the form of an Aitu, which led to the return of three parcels of land to their rightful owner; in another story, she was visited by her deceased goddaughter, which led to proper rituals which appeased her goddaughter's soul, Maria: a mortal woman who was visited by the silent Aitu of her husband's relative; the spirit was later appeased through prayers, Juanito: a mortal man who was visited in a dream by his deceased father's Aitu, which led to him relenting to give more share of the family inheritance to his half-sister, Maring, Wife of Leoncio Cabading: visited by her deceased husband's Aitu, who told her to stop the prayers for it will do nothing as he was killed by a violent landslide; the spirit offered her to join him, to which she rejected, Carmen Acido: a mortal woman who became friends and allies of the Aitu from ji P'Supwan; she lived to over 80 years old, Balaw: a medicine man and shaman who communicated and controlled certain Aitus, Maria Barios: a woman whose back-basket was ridden by a wandering Aitu, who she carried until she arrived at the town center, Juan Galarion: a man who saw a giant wandering Aitu, as large as the church of Mahataw; he believed it was a kapri, Tita: a girl who was kidnapped and later returned by wandering Aitus; while being carried by the Aitus, she menstruated, which made the Aitus flee; the site where she landed is known as Ranum i Tita, Chief Spirits: may take the form of human beings, former mortals who mix with the living, and reside in bathing places, Anlabban: looks after the general welfare of the people; special protector of hunters, Landusan: responsible for some cases of extreme poverty; like all evil spirits, Landusan can also be countered by the rare tagarut herb-amulet, Alupundan: causes the reapers toes to get sore all over and swell, Arurin: deity who sees to it that the harvest is bad if farmers fail to offer to her a share of the harvest, Dagdagamiyan: a female spirit who causes sickness in children for playing in places where the harvest is being done, Darupaypay: devours the palay stored in the hut before it is transferred to the granary, Ginuudan: comes to measure the containers of palay, and causes it to dwindle, Sildado: resembles a horse, and kills children who play noisily outside the house, Inargay: kills people during harvest time; the inapugan ritual of offered to the deity to appease him not to kill anyone, Alipugpug: spirit of the little whirlwind from the burned field, who portends a good harvest, Pilay: spirit of the rice, who resides on the paga, a shelf above the hearth; the pisi ritual is offered to the deity to ensure that children won't get hungry, Unnamed Man: held the world on his hands; produced a spark using a flint and a steel, causing Sal-it (lightning); in contrast, Addug (thunder) is the water roaring in the sky, Man Who Caused Birds to Attack: a man who was aided by birds, by giving him seeds that he was tasked to plant and share with other birds; reneged on his promise, resulting to the never-ending attacks of birds on the seeds planted by mankind, Man Who Hates Flies: a man whose cow was killed by a fly, which resulted into a law that allowed the killing of flies, Bagatulayan: the supreme deity who directs the activities of the world, including the celestial realms, Gomayen: mother of Mabaca, Binongan, and Adasin, Mabaca: one of the three founders of the Tinguian's three ancient clans; daughter of Gomayen and the supreme deity, Binongan: one of the three founders of the Tinguian's three ancient clans; daughter of Gomayen and the supreme deity, Adasin: one of the three founders of the Tinguian's three ancient clans; daughter of Gomayen and the supreme deity, Kadaklan: deity who is second in rank; taught the people how to pray, harvest their crops, ward off evil spirits, and overcome bad omens and cure sicknesses, Apadel (Kalagang): guardian deity and dweller of the spirit-stones called pinaing, Init-init: the god of the sun married to the mortal Aponibolinayen; during the day, he leaves his house to shine light on the world, Gaygayoma: the star goddess who lowered a basket from heaven to fetch the mortal Aponitolau, who she married, Takyayen: child of Gaygayoma and Aponitolaul popped out between Gaygayoma's last two fingers after she asked Aponitolau to prick there, Makaboteng: the god and guardian of deer and wild hogs, Aponibolinayen: mortal spouse of the sun god, Init-init, Aponitolau: mortal who was fetched by the star goddess Gaygayoma, despite him being already married, DumaNig: a demon which possesses the moon (Bolan) and causes her to devour her husband the sun (Ageo), NamBisayunan: the howl or shriek that is heard during a storm, Libo-o d Ngatu: the clouds of the skyworld which cause sickness, Maman: beings derived from a second death of souls in the afterworld; they are perceptible in red light, as on a rainy day near sunset; may cause sickness, Bulaiyao: live in big rocks, hot springs, and volcanoes; have a fiery appearance which they can turn on or turn off; capture or devour souls, Gulilingob ud Tangob: the strongest of all the bulaiyao, Dumabag: the god of the volcano at Balatok, Lumawig: the local god of the Mangali-Lubo-Tinglaiyan district, Angako d Ngato: demons that afflict with sickness, Angtan: goddesses or demons that depress men, bring worry and bad luck, ALan: cannibal or ghoul spirits that figure largely in myths and folktales as carrying away or devouring souls and as producing many kinds of transformations in men and in themselves, Pinading: extraordinary souls of the dead that have attained a superior power and existence, Gittam: a giant who established himself in the realm called Daya after killing many humans; lives in an island out in a big lake, Python of Gittam: protects the habitat of Gittam; swallowed a boy, who was rescued by a hero by killing the giant python, Iyu: water creatures who swim in the lakes of Lagud; depicted as a whale, an eel, a dragon, or, in some cases, a python also called Malaga, Makapangwa: The supreme being also known as "Yafu". POTET, Jean-Paul G. (2018). 4: The Tinguians and Their Old Form of Worship. (1974). Casal, G. (1986). Marigondon; can level a mountain with a kick; one of the Mactan chieftains loyally allied to Datu Mangal, Umindig: chief of Bo. Tangan, L. (2011). Its a rich artistic tradition, and its influence on Sekiro is clear. Philippine Journal of Science, 85117. Novellino, D. (2003). Talavera, Manalo, Baybay, Saludario, Dizon, Mauro, Porquerino, Novela, Yakit, Banares, Francisco, Inocencio, Rongavilla, Cruz (2013). You can find out more and change our default settings with Cookies Settings. Christina Pratt (2007). There are over a hundred distinct pantheons in the Philippines. Chaosmology: Shamanism and personhood among the Bugkalot. Madrid, 1895. University of Manila Journal of East Asiatic Studies, Volume 5. Because of this, it has long been the subject of magical folklore and legend in a variety of societies and cultures. Hyndman, D., Duhaylungsod, L., Thomas, B. Asian Studies, Volumes 21-30. (1984). Quezon City: Kalikasan Press. Fansler, Filipino Popular Tales, pp. Empuq: the supreme deity, lord, and owner; the creator of all things in the world; Diwata: benevolent and protective deity who stays in the median space called Lalangaw; the mediator between humans and the supreme deity. Colin SJ, Francisco (1663). My Blog deities associated with centipedes Yasuda, S., Razaq Raj, R., Griffin, K. A. Native races and their customs. 400401, Re-written in "Philippine Folk Literature: An Anthology" by Damiana L. Eugenio. Scott, W. H. (1994). US-China Education Review B, May 2016, Vol. The native peoples and their customs. Wilson, L. L. (1947). Weavers of Peace: The Higaonon Tribe in the Philippines. The T'boli: Songs, Stories and Society. Carlson, S. E. (2014). In Blair and Robertson, The Philippine Islands 5. Sagada Social Studies. Boston, Ginn. Weekly Women's Magazine. Miller, J. M. (1904). New York: American Museum of Natural History. The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898. Cruz-Lucero, R., Pototanon, R. M. (2018). Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. Castao, F. J. Page 361. University of Manila Journal of East Asiatic Studies, Volume 5. p. 52. Let's look at some of the ways people have incorporated insects into their magical practice throughout the ages, as well as specific insects and their folklore and legends. Schebesta, P. (1952). A. Apostol, V. M. (2010). Buyser, F. (1913). Santiago, Luciano P. R. (2005). Gugurang: the supreme god; causes the pit of Mayon volcano to rumble when he is displeased; cut Mt. (1994). Sepa has been depicted as a mummiform man with two small horns on His head; I wonder if these horns correspond with centipede forcipules. Magaa, A. S. (1975). This is a wide concept that can be used to describe the spirits of deceased loved ones, gods of Japanese mythology, animal spirits and even the deities of other religions such as Buddha or Bodhisattvas.There are said to be eight million kami () which is a number traditionally used to express infinity in Japan. The mythological figures, including deities (anitos and diwatas), heroes, and other important figures, in Anitism vary among the many ethnic groups in the Philippines. WebThe centipede god Sepa is attested from the Old Kingdom right through to the Greco-Roman Period. This contact between native and foreign faiths later accumulated more stories, which also became part of both faiths, with some alterations. Tau Tana: created humans with the god Melu amidst a great argument; put people's noses upside down, a mistake corrected by Melu; Tasu Weh: creator of humans in another myth, where humans had male sexual organs on one knee, and female sexual organs on the other. Press. Ortiz, Tomas (1731). Cawed, C. (1972). As centipedes are venomous, Sepa was considered to have power over other venomous animals and could be invoked for protection against snake bites and scorpion stings. De Leon, A. M., Luangsa-ard, J. J., Karunarathna, S.C., Hyde, K.D., Reyes, R.G., dela Cruz, T.E.E. Ateneo de Manila University. [citation needed]. Image by Johann Schumacher/Photolibrary/Getty Images, Image by Jesper Johansson/EyeEm/Getty Images, Image by Ed Reschke/Photolibrary/Getty Images. Blumentritt, Ferdinand (1895). Southeast of Zamboanga. Some centipedes glow in the dark (like the Geophilus electricus). Global ICCA Database: Igmalengen sacred forests of Portulin, Mindanao, Philippines. Philippines: Children's Communication Center: Aklat Adarna. Explore Case Studies: Maalagay Dogal/Matilo, Philippines (2013). 1965 Filipino Popular Tales. (2016). CreateSpace Independent Publishing. Mojares, R. B. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Bulol: household divinities that are the souls of departed ancestors; Nabulul: spouse of Bugan; a god who possesses or lives in Bulul figures; guards the rice and make the rice harvest plentiful, Bugan: spouse of Nabulul; a goddess who possesses or lives in Bulul figures; guards the rice and make the rice harvest plentiful, Gatui: divinities associated with practical jokes, but have a malevolent side that feast on souls and cause miscarriages, Tagbayan: divinities associated with death that feast on human souls that are guarded by two headed monsters called kikilan, Imbayan: also called Lingayan; divinities who guide souls after they die, Himpugtan: an Imbayan divinity who can terminate those that displease him, Munduntug: divinities from the mountains who cause hunters to be lost.
How To Detect K2 Sprayed On Paper,
Figures Of Speech Used In Dead Stars,
Articles D